Estima-se que, no mundo todo, 196 milhões de pessoas sofram de degeneração macular relacionada à idade (DMRI), com aproximadamente 5.3% apresentando deficiência visual à distância moderada ou grave, ou cegueira.[5]Deng Y, Qiao L, Du M, et al. Age-related macular degeneration: epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and targeted therapy. Genes Dis. 2022 Jan;9(1):62-79.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352304221000295
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35005108?tool=bestpractice.com
Dos 33.6 milhões de adultos com 50 anos ou mais no mundo todo que eram cegos em 2020, 1.8 tinha DMRI.[6]GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators, Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Trends in prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment over 30 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Feb;9(2):e130-43.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(20)30425-3/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33275950?tool=bestpractice.com
[7]GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators, Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the right to sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Feb;9(2):e144-60.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(20)30489-7/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33275949?tool=bestpractice.com
Devido ao envelhecimento da população, espera-se que o número de pacientes com DMRI aumente anualmente.[5]Deng Y, Qiao L, Du M, et al. Age-related macular degeneration: epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and targeted therapy. Genes Dis. 2022 Jan;9(1):62-79.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352304221000295
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35005108?tool=bestpractice.com
A DMRI é mais prevalente na Europa (18.3%) e na América do Norte (14.3%) do que na Ásia (6.9%).[8]Wong WL, Su X, Li X, et al. Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014 Feb;2(2):e106-16.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(13)70145-1/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104651?tool=bestpractice.com
Embora os índices não pareçam diferir em relação ao sexo, eles diferem por etnia. Por exemplo, a prevalência de DMRI entre indivíduos de ascendência europeia (12.3%) é maior do que a relatada em indivíduos de ascendência africana (7.5%) e ascendência asiática (7.4%). Os europeus têm maior prevalência do subtipo de atrofia geográfica (1.11%) que as populações africana (0.14%), asiática (0.21%) e hispânica (0.16%).[8]Wong WL, Su X, Li X, et al. Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014 Feb;2(2):e106-16.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(13)70145-1/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25104651?tool=bestpractice.com