Gastritis

Glickman JN, Antonioli DA. Gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2001 Oct;11(4):717-40. Resumen

Chey WD, Howden CW, Moss SF, et al. ACG clinical guideline: treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2024 Sep 1;119(9):1730-53.Texto completo  Resumen

1. Laine L, Weinstein WM. Subepithelial hemorrhages and erosions of human stomach. Dig Dis Sci. 1988 Apr;33(4):490-503. Resumen

2. Glickman JN, Antonioli DA. Gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2001 Oct;11(4):717-40. Resumen

3. Chey WD, Howden CW, Moss SF, et al. ACG clinical guideline: treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2024 Sep 1;119(9):1730-53.Texto completo  Resumen

4. Bondurant FJ, Maull KI, Nelson HS Jr, et al. Bile reflux gastritis. South Med J. 1987 Feb;80(2):161-5. Resumen

5. Niemala S. Duodenogastric reflux in patients with upper abdominal complaints or gastric ulcer with particular reference to reflux-associated gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1985;115:1-56. Resumen

6. Niemala S, Karttunen T, Heikkila J, et al. Characteristics of reflux gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1987 Apr;22(3):349-54. Resumen

7. McAlhany JC Jr, Hanover TM, Taylor SM, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy for gastric disease. Ann Surg. 1994 May;219(5):451-5.Texto completo  Resumen

8. Martindale RG. Contemporary strategies for the prevention of stress-related mucosal bleeding. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2005 May 15;62(10 Suppl 2):S11-7. Resumen

9. Kekki M, Siurala M, Varis K, et al. Classification principles and genetics of chronic gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1987;141:1-28. Resumen

10. Shipman PJ, Drury P. Emphysematous gastritis: case report and literature review. Australas Radiol. 2001 Feb;45(1):64-6. Resumen

11. Dharap SB, Ghag G, Biswas A. Acute necrotizing gastritis. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2003 Jul-Aug;22(4):150-1. Resumen

12. Carlson AP, Chan WH, Ketai LH, et al. Emphysematous gastritis in a severely burned patient: case report and literature review. J Trauma. 2007 Mar;62(3):765-7. Resumen

13. Loi T, See JY, Diddapur RK, et al. Emphysematous gastritis: a case report and a review of literature. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Jan;36(1):72-3. Resumen

14. Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, et al. Classification and grading of gastritis: the updated Sydney system: International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996 Oct;20(10):1161-81. Resumen

15. Rugge M, Meggio A, Pennelli G, et al. Gastritis staging in clinical practice: the OLGA staging system. Gut. 2007 May;56(5):631-6. Resumen

16. Panarese A, Saito Y, Zagari RM. Kyoto classification of gastritis, virtual chromoendoscopy and artificial intelligence: where are we going? What do we need?. Artif Intell Gastrointest Endosc. 2023 Jan 6;4(1):1-11.Texto completo

17. Larkai EN, Smith JL, Lidsky MD, et al. Gastroduodenal mucosa and dyspeptic symptoms in arthritic patients during chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Am J Gastroenterol. 1987 Nov;82(11):1153-8. Resumen

18. Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, et al. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22;156(14):1530-6. Resumen

19. El-Serag HB, Talley NJ. Systemic review: the prevalence and clinical course of functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;19:643-654.Texto completo  Resumen

20. Rustgi SD, Bijlani P, Shah SC. Autoimmune gastritis, with or without pernicious anemia: epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical management. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2021 Aug 31;14:17562848211038771.Texto completo  Resumen

21. World Gastroenterology Organisation. World Gastroenterology Organisation global guidelines: Helicobacter pylori. May 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC yellow book 2026: health information for international travel. Section 4: travel-associated infections and diseases. Apr 2025 [internet publication]​.Texto completo

23. Li Y, Choi H, Leung K, et al. Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection between 1980 and 2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023 Jun;8(6):553-64.Texto completo  Resumen

24. Sipponen P, Maaroos HI. Chronic gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jun;50(6):657-67.Texto completo  Resumen

25. Sugano K, Tack J, Kuipers EJ, et al. Kyoto global consensus report on Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Gut. 2015 Sep;64(9):1353-67.Texto completo  Resumen

26. MacMath TL. Alcohol and gastrointestinal bleeding. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;8(4):859-72. Resumen

27. Hernández-Díaz S, Rodríguez LA. Association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding/perforation: an overview of epidemiologic studies published in the 1990s. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Jul 24;160(14):2093-9.Texto completo  Resumen

28. Masclee GM, Valkhoff VE, Coloma PM, et al. Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from different drug combinations. Gastroenterology. 2014;147(4):784-92.Texto completo  Resumen

29. Davidson RJ, Atrah HI, Sewell HF. Longitudinal study of circulating gastric antibodies in pernicious anaemia. J Clin Pathol. 1989 Oct;42(10):1092-5.Texto completo  Resumen

30. Ono R, Ito R, Yamamoto K, et al. Emphysematous gastritis. BMJ Case Rep. 2022 Aug 12;15(8):e251314.Texto completo  Resumen

31. Toh BH, van Driel IR, Gleeson PA. Pernicious anemia. N Engl J Med. 1997 Nov 13;337(20):1441-8. Resumen

32. Torbenson M, Abraham SC, Boitnott J, et al. Autoimmune gastritis: distinct histological and immunohistochemical findings before complete loss of oxyntic glands. Mod Pathol. 2002 Feb;15(2):102-9.Texto completo  Resumen

33. Turner MA, Beachley MC, Stanley D. Phlegmonous gastritis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1979 Sep;133(3):527-8.Texto completo  Resumen

34. Malfertheiner P, Camargo MC, El-Omar E, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2023 Apr 20;9(1):19.Texto completo  Resumen

35. Fink DW, Boyden FM. Gas in the portal veins. A report of two cases due to ingestion of corrosive substances. Radiology. 1966 Oct;87(4):741-3. Resumen

36. Park CW, Kim A, Cha SW, et al. A case of phlegmonous gastritis associated with marked gastric distension. Gut Liver. 2010 Sep;4(3):415-8.Texto completo  Resumen

37. Blei ED, Abrahams C. Diffuse phlegmonous gastroenterocolitis in a patient with an infected peritoneo-jugular venous shunt. Gastroenterology. 1983 Mar;84(3):636-9. Resumen

38. Chamberlain CE. Acute hemorrhagic gastritis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1993 Dec;22(4):843-73. Resumen

39. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia in adults: investigation and management. Oct 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

40. Moayyedi PM, Lacy BE, Andrews CN, et al. ACG and CAG clinical guideline: management of dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112(7):988-1013.Texto completo  Resumen

41. Evans JA, Chandrasekhara V, Chathadi KV, et al. The role of endoscopy in the management of premalignant and malignant conditions of the stomach. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Jul;82(1):1-8.Texto completo  Resumen

42. Shah SC, Piazuelo MB, Kuipers EJ, et al. AGA clinical practice update on the diagnosis and management of atrophic gastritis: expert review. Gastroenterology. 2021 Oct;161(4):1325-32.Texto completo  Resumen

43. Park WG, Shaheen NJ, Cohen J, et al. Quality indicators for EGD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Jan;81(1):17-30.Texto completo  Resumen

44. Miller JM, Binnicker MJ, Campbell S, et al. Guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2024 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM). Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Mar 5 [Epub ahead of print].Texto completo  Resumen

45. Nurgalieva ZZ, Graham DY. Pearls and pitfalls of assessing Helicobacter pylori status. Dig Liver Dis. 2003 Jun;35(6):375-7. Resumen

46. Cutler AF, Havstad S, Ma CK, et al. Accuracy of invasive and noninvasive tests to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection. Gastroenterology. 2000 Dec;29(4):871-8. Resumen

47. Midolo P, Marshall BJ. Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori: urease tests. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2000 Dec;29(4):871-8. Resumen

48. Gisbert JP, Pajares JM. Stool antigen test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review. Helicobacter. 2004 Aug;9(4):347-68. Resumen

49. Gisbert JP, de la Morena F, Abraira V. Accuracy of monoclonal stool antigen test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 Aug;101(8):1921-30. Resumen

50. Perna F, Ricci C, Gatta L, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of a new rapid urease test (Pronto Dry), before and after treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2005 Sep;51(3):247-54. Resumen

51. American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013. Endoscopic mucosal tissue sampling. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013 Aug;78(2):216-24.Texto completo  Resumen

52. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Vitamin B12 deficiency in over 16s: diagnosis and management. Mar 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

53. Allen LH. How common is vitamin B-12 deficiency? Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Feb;89(2):693S-6S.Texto completo  Resumen

54. Morgan DR, Corral JE, Li D, et al. ACG clinical guideline: diagnosis and management of gastric premalignant conditions. Am J Gastroenterol. 2025 Apr 1;120(4):709-37. Resumen

55. Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, et al. ACG clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Jan 1;117(1):27-56.Texto completo  Resumen

56. Banks M, Graham D, Jansen M, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the diagnosis and management of patients at risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. Gut. 2019 Sep;68(9):1545-75.Texto completo  Resumen

57. Lal N, Bhasin DK, Malik AK, et al. Optimal number of biopsy specimens in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the oesophagus. Gut. 1992 Jun;33(6):724-6.Texto completo  Resumen

58. Kumar S, Metz DC, Ellenberg S, et al. Risk factors and incidence of gastric cancer after detection of Helicobacter pylori infection: a large cohort study. Gastroenterology. 2020 Feb;158(3):527-36.e7.Texto completo  Resumen

59. Ford AC, Forman D, Hunt RH, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer in healthy asymptomatic infected individuals: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2014 May 20;348:g3174.Texto completo  Resumen

60. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia in adults: investigation and management. Oct 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

61. Yuan Y, Ford AC, Khan KJ, et al. Optimum duration of regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Dec 11;(12):CD008337.Texto completo  Resumen

62. Pan KF, Zhang L, Gerhard M, et al. A large randomised controlled intervention trial to prevent gastric cancer by eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Linqu County, China: baseline results and factors affecting the eradication. Gut. 2016 Jan;65(1):9-18.Texto completo  Resumen

63. Rusu A, Munteanu AC, Arbănași EM, et al. Overview of side-effects of antibacterial fluoroquinolones: new drugs versus old drugs, a step forward in the safety profile? Pharmaceutics. 2023 Mar 1;15(3):804.Texto completo  Resumen

64. Wong AY, Wong IC, Chui CS, et al. Association between acute neuropsychiatric events and helicobacter pylori therapy containing clarithromycin. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Jun 1;176(6):828-34. Resumen

65. De Leest HT, Steen KS, Bloemena E, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients on long-term treatment with NSAIDs reduces the severity of gastritis: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2009 Feb;43(2):140-6. Resumen

66. Chen H, Li X, Ge Z, et al. Rabeprazole combined with hydrotalcite is effective for patients with bile reflux gastritis after cholecystectomy. Can J Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;24(3):197-201. Resumen

67. Jung JH, Choi HJ, Yoo J, et al. Emphysematous gastritis associated with invasive gastric mucormycosis: a case report. J Korean Med Sci. 2007 Oct;22(5):923-7.Texto completo  Resumen

68. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-247.Texto completo  Resumen

69. De Backer D, Aldecoa C, Njimi H, et al. Dopamine versus norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2012 Mar;40(3):725-30.Texto completo  Resumen

70. Rajendran S, Baban C, Lee G, et al. Rapid resolution of phlegmonous gastritis using antibiotics alone. BMJ Case Rep. 2009;2009:bcr02.2009Texto completo  Resumen

71. Yuan J, He Q, Nguyen LH, et al. Regular use of proton pump inhibitors and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three prospective cohort studies. Gut. 2021 Jun;70(6):1070-7. Resumen

72. Heidelbaugh JJ, Kim AH, Chang R, et al. Overutilization of proton-pump inhibitors: what the clinician needs to know. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2012 Jul;5(4):219-32.Texto completo  Resumen

73. Wilhelm SM, Rjater RG, Kale-Pradhan PB. Perils and pitfalls of long-term effects of proton pump inhibitors. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jul;6(4):443-51. Resumen

74. Koggel LM, Lantinga MA, Büchner FL, et al. Predictors for inappropriate proton pump inhibitor use: observational study in primary care. Br J Gen Pract. 2022 Dec;72(725):e899-906.Texto completo  Resumen

75. Farrell B, Lass E, Moayyedi P, et al. Reduce unnecessary use of proton pump inhibitors. BMJ. 2022 Oct 24;379:e069211. Resumen

76. Ciardullo S, Rea F, Savaré L, et al. Prolonged use of proton pump inhibitors and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from a large population-based nested case-control study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Jun 16;107(7):e2671-9.Texto completo  Resumen

77. Savarino E, Anastasiou F, Labenz J, et al. Holistic management of symptomatic reflux: rising to the challenge of proton pump inhibitor overuse. Br J Gen Pract. 2022 Nov;72(724):541-4.Texto completo  Resumen

78. Gatta L, Vakil N, Vaira D, et al. Global eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis of sequential therapy. BMJ. 2013 Aug 7;347:f4587.Texto completo  Resumen

79. Liu KS, Hung IF, Seto WK, et al. Ten day sequential versus 10 day modified bismuth quadruple therapy as empirical firstline and secondline treatment for Helicobacter pylori in Chinese patients: an open label, randomised, crossover trial. Gut. 2014 Sep;63(9):1410-5.Texto completo  Resumen

80. Molina-Infante J, Romano M, Fernandez-Bermejo M, et al. Optimized nonbismuth quadruple therapies cure most patients with Helicobacter pylori infection in populations with high rates of antibiotic resistance. Gastroenterology. 2013 Jul;145(1):121-128.e1. Resumen

81. Francavilla R, Lionetti E, Castellaneta SP, et al. Improved efficacy of 10-day sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children: a randomized trial. Gastroenterology. 2005 Nov;129(5):1414-9. Resumen

82. Zullo A, Gatta L, de Francesco V, et al. High rate of Helicobacter pylori eradication with sequential therapy in elderly patients with peptic ulcer: a prospective controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Jun 15;21(12):1419-24.Texto completo  Resumen

83. De Francesco V, Margiotta M, Zullo A, et al. Clarithromycin-resistant genotypes and eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Ann Intern Med. 2006 Jan 17;144(2):94-100. Resumen

84. Zhou L, Zhang J, Chen M, et al. A comparative study of sequential therapy and standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized multicenter trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014 Apr;109(4):535-41. Resumen

85. McNicholl AG, Marin AC, Molina-Infante J, et al. Randomised clinical trial comparing sequential and concomitant therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication in routine clinical practice. Gut. 2014 Feb;63(2):244-9. Resumen

86. Losurdo G, Leandro G, Principi M, et al. Sequential vs. prolonged 14-day triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: the meta-analysis may be influenced by 'geographical weighting'. Int J Clin Pract. 2015 Oct;69(10):1112-20. Resumen

87. Kale-Pradhan PB, Mihaescu A, Wilhelm SM. Fluoroquinolone sequential therapy for helicobacter pylori: a meta-analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2015 Aug;35(8):719-30. Resumen

88. Nyssen OP, McNicholl AG, Megraud F, et al. Sequential versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jun 28;(6):CD009034.Texto completo  Resumen

89. Miehlke S, Kirsch C, Schneider-Brachert W, et al. A prospective, randomized study of quadruple therapy and high-dose dual therapy for treatment of Helicobacter pylori resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin. Helicobacter. 2003 Aug;8(4):310-9. Resumen

90. Basu PP, Rayapudi K, Pacana T, et al. A randomized study comparing levofloxacin, omeprazole, nitazoxanide, and doxycycline versus triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov;106(11):1970-5.Texto completo  Resumen

91. Zeng M, Mao XH, Li JX, et al. Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an oral recombinant Helicobacter pylori vaccine in children in China: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2015 Oct 10;386(10002):1457-64. Resumen

92. Sasazuki S, Hayashi T, Nakachi K, et al. Protective effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2008 May;78(3):121-8. Resumen

93. Li BZ, Threapleton DE, Wang JY, et al. Comparative effectiveness and tolerance of treatments for Helicobacter pylori: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2015 Aug 19;351:h4052.Texto completo  Resumen

94. Ren Q, Yan X, Zhou Y, et al. Periodontal therapy as adjunctive treatment for gastric Helicobacter pylori infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 7;2:CD009477.Texto completo  Resumen

95. Tan B, Luo HQ, Xu H, et al. Polaprezinc combined with clarithromycin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis: A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 13;12(4):e0175625.Texto completo  Resumen

96. Hsing AW, Hansson LE, McLaughlin JK, et al. Pernicious anemia and subsequent cancer: a population-based cohort study. Cancer. 1993 Feb 1;71(3):745-50. Resumen

97. Burkitt MD, Pritchard DM. Review article: pathogenesis and management of gastric carcinoid tumours. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Nov 1;24(9):1305-20. Resumen

98. Kim GY, Ward J, Henessey B, et al. Phlegmonous gastritis: case report and review. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005 Jan;61(1):168-74. Resumen

99. Fock KM, Talley N, Moayyedi P, et al; Asia-Pacific Gastric Cancer Consensus Conference. Asia-Pacific consensus guidelines on gastric cancer prevention. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;23:351-365.Texto completo  Resumen

100. Gupta S, Li D, El Serag HB, et al. AGA clinical practice guidelines on management of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Gastroenterology. 2020 Feb;158(3):693-702.Texto completo

101. Storskrubb T, Aro P, Ronkainen J, et al. Serum biomarkers provide an accurate method for diagnosis of atrophic gastritis in a general population: the Kalixanda study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2008;43(12):1448-55. Resumen

102. van Marrewijk CJ, van Oijen MG, Paloheimo LI, et al. Influence of gastric mucosal status on success of stepwise acid suppressive therapy for dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Jul;30(1):82-9. Resumen

103. Pimentel-Nunes P, Libânio D, Marcos-Pinto R, et al. Management of epithelial precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS II): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group (EHMSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED) guideline update 2019. Endoscopy. 2019 Apr;51(4):365-88.Texto completo  Resumen

104. Vannella L, Lahner E, Osborn J, et al. Risk factors for progression to gastric neoplastic lesions in patients with atrophic gastritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 May;31(9):1042-50.Texto completo  Resumen

105. Sun L, Jin X, Huang L, et al. Risk of progression in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis: a retrospective study. Front Oncol. 2022 Aug 1;12:942091.Texto completo  Resumen