Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- estación invernal
- brote actual de gripe
- falta de vacunación
- fiebre con tos
Factores de riesgo
- edad ≥65 años
- edad de 6 a 59 meses
- afecciones cardiovasculares o respiratorias crónicas
- diabetes
- hemoglobinopatía
- estado inmunocomprometido
- enfermedad renal crónica (ERC)
- embarazo
- cuidadores y personas con las que tengan contacto en el hogar de grupos de alto riesgo
- profesionales de salud
Pruebas diagnósticas
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- ensayos moleculares
- pruebas de detección de antígenos
- cultivo viral
- serología
- radiografía de tórax
Algoritmo de tratamiento
Colaboradores
Autores
Kyle Eggleton, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP(Dist)
Associate Dean Rural
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
Divulgaciones
KE declares that he has no competing interests.
Rachel Roskvist, MBChB, FRNZCGP, MHSc
Senior Lecturer
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
Divulgaciones
RR declares that she has no competing interests.
Bruce Arroll, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
Divulgaciones
BA declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Dr Kyle Eggleton, Dr Rachel Roskvist, and Professor Bruce Arroll would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Cristine Radojicic, a previous contributor to this topic.
Divulgaciones
CR declares that she is on Advisory boards for CSL Behring and Speakers Bureau Biocryst.
Revisores por pares
Michael Ison, MD
Chief
Respiratory Diseases Branch
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Bethesda
MD
Divulgaciones
MI declares that he has no competing interests.
Waleed Javaid, MD, FACP, FIDSA
Associate Professor
Medical Director of Infection Control
Infectious Disease
Department of Medicine
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Syracuse
NY
Divulgaciones
WJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Rachel L. Miller, MD, FAAAAI
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine and Environmental Health Sciences
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
New York
NY
Divulgaciones
RLM declares that she has no competing interests.
Mark Sands, MD, FAAAAI
Chief
SUNY Buffalo School of Medicine
Division Allergy and Immunology
Buffalo
NY
Divulgaciones
MS declares that he has no competing interests.
An De Sutter, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
Ghent University
Ghent
Belgium
Divulgaciones
ADS declares that she has no competing interests.
Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares
Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.
Divulgaciones
Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.
Referencias
Artículos principales
Uyeki TM, Bernstein HH, Bradley JS, et al. Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 5;68(6):e1-47.Texto completo Resumen
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza (flu). Feb 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2024-25 Influenza Season. Aug 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo Resumen
UK Health Security Agency. Annual flu programme. May 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child and adolescent immunization schedule by age (addendum updated July 2, 2025): recommendations for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2025. Jul 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adult immunization schedule by age (addendum updated July 2, 2025): recommendations for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2025. Jul 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza antiviral medications: summary for clinicians. Dec 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible aquí.
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