Neuroblastoma accounts for approximately 8% of all childhood malignancies and is the most common solid tumour in children not arising from the brain.[12]Nong J, Su C, Li C, et al. Global, regional, and national epidemiology of childhood neuroblastoma (1990-2021): a statistical analysis of incidence, mortality, and DALYs. EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Dec 6;79:102964.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11667623
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39720601?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Ward E, DeSantis C, Robbins A, et al. Childhood and adolescent cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 Mar-Apr;64(2):83-103.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3322/caac.21219/full
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24488779?tool=bestpractice.com
[14]Stiller CA, Parkin DM. International variations in the incidence of neuroblastoma. Int J Cancer. 1992 Oct 21;52(4):538-43.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1399133?tool=bestpractice.com
Globally, in 2021, 5560 cases of childhood neuroblastoma were reported.[12]Nong J, Su C, Li C, et al. Global, regional, and national epidemiology of childhood neuroblastoma (1990-2021): a statistical analysis of incidence, mortality, and DALYs. EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Dec 6;79:102964.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11667623
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39720601?tool=bestpractice.com
In the US, incidence is approximately 8 per million persons (based on 2017-2021 data).[15]National Cancer Institute; National Childhood Cancer Registry Explorer. Neuroblastoma/ganglioneuroblastoma 5-year age-adjusted incidence rates, 2017-2021. Sep 2024 [internet publication].
https://nccrexplorer.ccdi.cancer.gov
About 800 new cases are reported in the US each year; median age at diagnosis is 17 months.[16]Campbell K, Siegel DA, Umaretiya PJ, et al. A comprehensive analysis of neuroblastoma incidence, survival, and racial and ethnic disparities from 2001 to 2019. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2024 Jan;71(1):e30732.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11018254
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37867409?tool=bestpractice.com
ACS: key statistics about neuroblastoma
Opens in new window The majority of neuroblastoma cases occur in children aged ≤4 years (34% in children <1 year; 49.9% in those aged 1-4 years).[16]Campbell K, Siegel DA, Umaretiya PJ, et al. A comprehensive analysis of neuroblastoma incidence, survival, and racial and ethnic disparities from 2001 to 2019. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2024 Jan;71(1):e30732.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11018254
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37867409?tool=bestpractice.com
While overall incidence of neuroblastoma appears to be stable in the US, small but significant increases in annual incidence have been reported among children aged 5-9 years and adolescents aged 15-19 years (average annual percent change [AAPC] 2.4% and 3.3%, respectively; 2003-2019 data).[16]Campbell K, Siegel DA, Umaretiya PJ, et al. A comprehensive analysis of neuroblastoma incidence, survival, and racial and ethnic disparities from 2001 to 2019. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2024 Jan;71(1):e30732.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11018254
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37867409?tool=bestpractice.com
Rarely, neuroblastoma can be detected by ultrasound before birth.