Referências
Principais artigos
McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 21;42(36):3599-726.Texto completo Resumo
National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research; British Society For Heart Failure. National heart failure audit (NHFA) 2025 annual report (2023/24 data). 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death. Failure to function. 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Acute heart failure: diagnosis and management. November 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artigos de referência
1. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 21;42(36):3599-726.Texto completo Resumo
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22. Pandey A, LaMonte M, Klein L, et al. Relationship between physical activity, body mass index, and risk of heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Mar 7;69(9):1129-42.Texto completo Resumo
23. Mancia G, Kreutz R, Brunström M, et al. 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA). J Hypertens. 2023 Dec 1;41(12):1874-2071.Texto completo Resumo
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25. Musso G, Saba F, Cassader M, et al. Diabetic ketoacidosis with SGLT2 inhibitors. BMJ. 2020 Nov 12;371:m4147.Texto completo Resumo
26. Page RL, O'Bryant CL, Cheng D, et al. Drugs that may cause or exacerbate heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Aug 9;134(6):e32-69.Texto completo Resumo
27. National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death. Failure to function. 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
28. Mebazaa A, Yilmaz MB, Levy P, et al. Recommendations on pre-hospital & early hospital management of acute heart failure: a consensus paper from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, the European Society of Emergency Medicine and the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015 Jun;17(6):544-58.Texto completo Resumo
29. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Acute heart failure: diagnosis and management. November 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
30. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Chronic heart failure in adults: diagnosis and management. September 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
31. Watson RD, Gibbs CR, Lip GY. ABC of heart failure: clinical features and complications. BMJ. 2000 Jan 22;320(7229):236-9.Texto completo Resumo
32. Jorge S, Becquemin MH, Delerme S, et al. Cardiac asthma in elderly patients: incidence, clinical presentation and outcome. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2007 May 14;7:16.Texto completo Resumo
33. Aguiló O, Castells X, Miró Ò, et al. The prognostic significance of bundle branch block in acute heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Res Cardiol. 2023 Aug;112(8):1020-43. Resumo
34. Hawkins NM, Petrie MC, Jhund PS, et al. Heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: diagnostic pitfalls and epidemiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009 Feb;11(2):130-9.Texto completo Resumo
35. Cediel G, Codina P, Spitaleri G, et al. Gender-related differences in heart failure biomarkers. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:617705.Texto completo Resumo
36. El Iskandarani M, El Kurdi B, Murtaza G, et al. Prognostic role of albumin level in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Mar 12;100(10):e24785.Texto completo Resumo
37. Kalogeropoulos AP, Tang WH, Hsu A, et al. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein in acute heart failure: insights from the ASCEND-HF trial. J Card Fail. 2014 May;20(5):319-26. Resumo
38. National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research; British Society For Heart Failure. National heart failure audit (NHFA) 2022 summary report (2020/21 data). Jun 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo
39. American College of Emergency Physicians Clinical Policies Subcommittee (Writing Committee) on Acute Heart Failure Syndromes. Clinical policy: critical issues in the evaluation and management of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with acute heart failure syndromes: approved by ACEP board of directors, June 23, 2022. Ann Emerg Med. 2022 Oct;80(4):e31-59.Texto completo Resumo
40. Qaseem A, Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta I, Mustafa RA, et al. Appropriate use of point-of-care ultrasonography in patients with acute dyspnea in emergency department or inpatient settings: a clinical guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2021 Jul;174(7):985-93.Texto completo Resumo
41. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2023 Focused update of the 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2023 Oct 1;44(37):3627-39.Texto completo Resumo
42. Anker SD, Butler J, Filippatos G, et al. Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med. 2021 Oct 14;385(16):1451-61.Texto completo Resumo
43. Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Claggett B, et al. Dapagliflozin in heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2022 Sep 22;387(12):1089-98.Texto completo Resumo
44. Mebazaa A, Davison B, Chioncel O, et al. Safety, tolerability and efficacy of up-titration of guideline-directed medical therapies for acute heart failure (STRONG-HF): a multinational, open-label, randomised, trial. Lancet. 2022 Dec 3;400(10367):1938-52. Resumo
45. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Acute heart failure: quality standard. December 2015 [internet publication].Texto completo
46. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Intravenous fluid therapy in adults in hospital. May 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo
47. Chu DK, Kim LH, Young PJ, et al. Mortality and morbidity in acutely ill adults treated with liberal versus conservative oxygen therapy (IOTA): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2018 Apr 28;391(10131):1693-705. Resumo
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61. Kozhuharov N, Goudev A, Flores D, et al. Effect of a strategy of comprehensive vasodilation vs usual care on mortality and heart failure rehospitalization among patients with acute heart failure: the GALACTIC randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2019 Dec 17;322(23):2292-302.Texto completo Resumo
62. Freund Y, Cachanado M, Delannoy Q, et al. Effect of an Emergency Department Care Bundle on 30-Day Hospital Discharge and Survival Among Elderly Patients With Acute Heart Failure: The ELISABETH Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2020 Nov 17;324(19):1948-56.Texto completo Resumo
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67. Graham FJ, Pellicori P, Kalra PR, et al. Intravenous iron in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency: an updated meta-analysis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2023 Apr;25(4):528-37.Texto completo Resumo
68. Kittleson MM, Panjrath GS, Amancherla K, et al. 2023 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 May 9;81(18):1835-78.Texto completo Resumo
69. Mullens W, Dauw J, Martens P, et al. Acetazolamide in acute decompensated heart failure with volume overload. N Engl J Med. 2022 Sep 29;387(13):1185-95.Texto completo Resumo
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71. Shang W, Zhang Y, Han D. Benefits of tolvaptan on early dyspnea relief in patients with acute heart failure: a meta-analysis. Clin Cardiol. 2022 Oct;45(10):995-1001.Texto completo Resumo
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