Referências

Principais artigos

Lavonas EJ, Akpunonu PD, Arens AM, et al. 2023 American Heart Association focused update on the management of patients with cardiac arrest or life-threatening toxicity due to poisoning: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2023 Oct 17;148(16):e149-84.Texto completo  Resumo

Artigos de referência

1. Lavonas EJ, Akpunonu PD, Arens AM, et al. 2023 American Heart Association focused update on the management of patients with cardiac arrest or life-threatening toxicity due to poisoning: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2023 Oct 17;148(16):e149-84.Texto completo  Resumo

2. Gahlinger PM. Club drugs: MDMA, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), rohypnol, and ketamine. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Jun 1;69(11):2619-27. Resumo

3. Lechevallier-Michel N, Berr C, Fourrier-Reglat A. Incidence and characteristics of benzodiazepine use in an elderly cohort: the EVA study. Therapie. 2005 Apr;60(4):561-6. Resumo

4. Gleason PP, Schulz R, Smith NL, et al. Correlates and prevalence of benzodiazepine use in community-dwelling elderly. J Gen Intern Med. 1998 Apr;13(4):243-50.Texto completo  Resumo

5. Valenstein M, Khanujua Taylor K, Austin K, et al. Benzodiazepine use among depressed patients treated in mental health settings. Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Apr;161(4):654-61.Texto completo  Resumo

6. Guina J, Rossetter SR, DeRhodes BJ, et al. Benzodiazepines for PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Pract. 2015 Jul;21(14):281-303. Resumo

7. Brunoni AR, Nunes MA, Figueiredo R, et al. Patterns of benzodiazepine and antidepressant use among middle-aged adults: the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult health (ELSA-Brasil). J Affect Disord. 2013 Oct;151(1):71-7. Resumo

8. Préville M, Vasiliadis HM, Bossé C, et al. Pattern of psychotropic drug use among older adults having a depression or an anxiety disorder: results from the longitudinal ESA study. Can J Psychiatry. 2011 Jun;56(6):348-57.Texto completo  Resumo

9. Saarelainen L, Tolppanen AM, Koponen M, et al. Risk of hip fracture in benzodiazepine users with and without Alzheimer disease. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Jan;18(1):87;e15-87;e21. Resumo

10. Taipale H, Koponen M, Tanskanen A, et al. Use of benzodiazepines and related drugs is associated with a risk of stroke among persons with Alzheimer's disease. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2017 May;32(3):135-41. Resumo

11. Huang WS, Muo CH, Chang SN, et al. Benzodiazepine use and risk of stroke: a retrospective population-based cohort study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014 Apr;68(4):255-62. Resumo

12. Buckley NA, Dawson AH, Whyte IM, et al. Relative toxicity of benzodiazepines in overdose. BMJ. 1995 Jan 28;310(6974):219-21.Texto completo  Resumo

13. Warner M, Trinidad JP, Bastian BA, et al. Drugs most frequently involved in drug overdose deaths: United States, 2010-2014. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2016 Dec;65(10):1-15.Texto completo  Resumo

14. Bachhuber MA, Hennessy S, Cunningham CO, et al. Increasing benzodiazepine prescriptions and overdose mortality in the United States, 1996-2013. Am J Public Health. 2016 Apr;106(4):686-8.Texto completo  Resumo

15. National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Drug overdose death rates. Aug 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

16. Okamoto R, Itoh Y, Murata Y, et al. Reduction of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors during development of benzodiazepine dependence. Pharmacology. 2013;91(3-4):145-52. Resumo

17. Backmund M, Meyer K, Henkel C, et al. Co-consumption of benzodiazepines in heroin users, methadone-substituted and codeine-substituted patients. J Addict Dis. 2005;24(4):17-29. Resumo

18. Man LH, Best D, Gossop M, et al. Relationship between prescribing and risk of opiate overdose among drug users in and out of maintenance treatment. Eur Addict Res. 2004;10(1):35-40. Resumo

19. Gahlinger PM. Illegal drugs: a complete guide to their history, chemistry, use and abuse. New York, NY: Penguin (Plume); 2004.

20. Willems IA, Gorgels WJ, Oude Voshaar RC, et al. Tolerance to benzodiazepines among long-term users in primary care. Fam Pract. 2013 Aug;30(4):404-10. Resumo

21. McCabe SE, West BT. Medical and nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics among US high school seniors. Addict Behav. 2014 May;39(5):959-64. Resumo

22. Janhsen K, Roser P, Hoffmann K. The problems of long-term treatment with benzodiazepines and related substances. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2015 Jan 5;112(1-2):1-7.Texto completo  Resumo

23. Olfson M, King M, Schoenbaum M. Benzodiazepine use in the United States. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015 Feb;72(2):136-42. Resumo

24. Everitt H, McDermott L, Leydon G, et al. GPs' management strategies for patients with insomnia: a survey and qualitative interview study. Br J Gen Pract. 2014 Feb;64(619):e112-9.Texto completo  Resumo

25. Lugoboni F, Mirijello A, Faccini M, et al. Quality of life in a cohort of high-dose benzodiazepine dependent patients. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2014 Sep 1;142:105-9. Resumo

26. Harnod T, Lin CL, Sung FC, et al. An association between benzodiazepine use and occurrence of benign brain tumors. J Neurol Sci. 2014 Jan 15;336(1-2):8-12.Texto completo  Resumo

27. Vozoris NT, Fischer HD, Wang X, et al. Benzodiazepine use among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population-based cohort study. Drugs Aging. 2013 Mar;30(3):183-92. Resumo

28. Billioti de Gage S, Moride Y, Ducruet T, et al. Benzodiazepine use and risk of Alzheimer's disease: case-control study. BMJ. 2014 Sep 9;349:g5205.Texto completo  Resumo

29. Konopka A, Pełka-Wysiecka J, Grzywacz A, et al. Psychosocial characteristics of benzodiazepine addicts compared to not addicted benzodiazepine users. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Jan 10;40:229-35. Resumo

30. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Stop overdose. Feb 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

31. Wu AH, McKay C, Broussard LA, et al. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry laboratory medicine practice guidelines: recommendations for the use of laboratory tests to support poisoned patients who present to the emergency department. Clin Chem. 2003 Mar;49(3):357-79. Resumo

32. Velluti R, Pedemonte M. Differential effects of benzodiazepines on cochlear and auditory nerve responses. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1986 Dec;64(6):556-62. Resumo

33. US Department of Veterans Affairs. VA/DoD clinical practice guidelines: assessment and management of patients at risk of suicide. 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

34. Bezchlibnyk-Butler JZ, Jeffries JJ. Clinical handbook of psychotropic drugs, 16th ed. Toronto, Canada: Hogrefe & Huber Publishing; 2006.

35. Haverkos GP, DiSalvo RP, Imhoff TE. Fatal seizures after flumazenil administration in a patient with mixed overdose. Ann Pharmacother. 1994 Dec;28(12):1347-9. Resumo

36. Spivey WH. Flumazenil and seizures: analysis of 43 cases. Clin Ther. 1992 Mar-Apr;14(2):292-305. Resumo

37. Kyong YY, Park JT, Choi KH. Serial monitoring of sedation scores in benzodiazepine overdose. Am J Emerg Med. 2014 Nov;32(11):1438;e5-6. Resumo

38. Chyka PA, Seger D, Krenzelok EP, et al. Position paper: single-dose activated charcoal. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2005;43(2):61-87. Resumo

39. Darker CD, Sweeney BP, Barry JM, et al. Psychosocial interventions for benzodiazepine harmful use, abuse or dependence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(5):CD009652.Texto completo  Resumo

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