Epidemiology

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of disability worldwide.[4]​ In 2019 there were 12.2 million new strokes, and 6.55 million people died as a result.[4]​ Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and a major cause of disability in the US, with a prevalence of 3.3% and approximately 795,000 new and recurrent strokes per year.​​[5]​​

Hemorrhagic stroke accounts for about 10% of incident strokes, but is responsible for more deaths and disability-adjusted life-years lost than ischemic stroke.[4]​​​ Three-quarters of hemorrhagic strokes are intracerebral hemorrhage, and the remainder are subarachnoid hemorrhage.[6]​​ The global prevalence of intracerebral hemorrhage was 18.88 million cases in 2020.[7] There was a decrease of 3.33% in the age-standardized prevalence rate from 2010 to 2020.[7] Globally, the number of deaths attributable to intracerebral hemorrhage in 2021 was 3.31 million.​[5]​​ The age-standardized mortality rate decreased between 2010 and 2021.[5]​​​​​[7]​​​ Based on 204 countries and territories in 2021, intracerebral hemorrhage mortality was highest in Oceania, followed by Southeast and East Asia, and Central and Eastern sub-Saharan Africa.[5]​​ The estimated global lifetime risk of hemorrhagic stroke from the age of 25 years onward is 8.2%.[8]

The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage rises with age.[4][9] Overall, men have a higher incidence than women, although the difference lessens with age.​​​[5]​​[10]​​ ​​Black people and people of Asian or Latino/Hispanic origin have a higher rate of intracerebral hemorrhage than white people.​​​[11][12]​​​​​​​​

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer