Epidemiology

Absolute incidence and prevalence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are limited by global differences in the indications for, and accessibility of, kidney biopsy.[4] One systematic review assessing the incidence of FSGS worldwide found most annual incidence rates were between 0.2 and 1.1 per 100,000.[5]​ In one temporal study of renal biopsy results showing glomerular disease in the southeastern US, FSGS was the predominant diagnosis in all eras (1986 to 2015).[6] In this study, the frequency of FSGS increased in the early decades, but then plateaued and ultimately declined.[6] In registries that record patients with end-stage renal failure, the incidence of FSGS is estimated to be 30 to 40 cases per million population for black people and 5 cases per million for white people.[7] Black people have a 4- to 7-fold greater risk than white or Asian people of developing FSGS-induced end-stage renal failure.[8][9]​​​ The incidence peaks at age 40 to 49 years among black people and 70 to 79 years among white and Asian people. Males have a 1.5- to 2-fold greater risk than females.[8] Primary (idiopathic) FSGS is more common than secondary FSGS, and is the most common primary glomerular disease to cause end-stage renal failure in the US.[8][10][11]

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