Absence seizures

Traditionally, patients are followed up in clinic approximately every 6 months while on anticonvulsants, but this may vary depending on seizure frequency and severity. In general, patients are monitored clinically to assess seizure control. Parental and close family member observations are heavily relied upon to determine frequency and appearance of seizures. Adjustments in drug treatment are made according to seizure control. Periodic monitoring of drug levels and other laboratory studies (e.g., FBC, liver enzyme tests) are often warranted to check for compliance and potential adverse drug effects, depending on the drug.

There are some data to suggest that normalisation of routine EEG indicates good treatment response and a better chance of remission. In general, repeat routine EEGs are not indicated unless there is a change in the observable manifestations of the seizures that suggest the underlying localisation and/or epilepsy syndrome, and therefore the possibility exists that a patient has an alternative epilepsy syndrome. If a patient is having persistent or frequent atypical episodes, prolonged EEG monitoring may be necessary to capture and characterise events.

Patients who achieve seizure freedom may eventually wish to discontinue anticonvulsant therapy. See Management approach.