Primary prevention

Smoking cessation, avoidance of tobacco smoke and improvements in working conditions involving occupational exposure to carcinogens should be prioritised.[46]

Reducing the contribution of environmental pollutants such as water polluted with arsenic is dependent upon public awareness and government policy.[46] Schistosoma-related squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder can be prevented through parasitic control, mass treatment of the population, and early detection of the disease.[18][31]

Consideration should be given to prompt treatment and prevention of urinary tract infection, removal of urinary stones, and avoidance of prolonged use of indwelling catheters to reduce inflammation.[32]

Minimising bladder exposure to cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide chemotherapy and radiotherapy may help reduce iatrogenic bladder cancer.[57]

Secondary prevention

Smoking cessation is recommended as active smoking appears to increase the risk of tumour recurrence and progression.[193]​ ​See Smoking cessation.​

In people with type 2 diabetes, metformin intake improves bladder cancer survival outcomes.[194][195]

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