Emerging treatments

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors

HDAC inhibitors are epigenetic modifiers that can induce tumour cell apoptosis by blocking the activity of HDAC enzymes. Several HDAC inhibitors (e.g., panobinostat, entinostat, mocetinostat, vorinostat) have demonstrated activity in patients with relapsed or refractory classical HL.[137][138][139][140][141]​​ HDAC inhibitors may enhance the activity of PD-1 blockade, suggesting a role for the addition of an HDAC inhibitor for patients with progression on PD-1 blockade.[142]

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy

A phase 1/2 trial investigating CD30-directed CAR T-cell therapy in heavily pre-treated patients with relapsed or refractory CD30-positive HL reported a high rate of durable responses, particularly when lymphodepleting chemotherapy (e.g., cyclophosphamide and fludarabine) was given prior to CAR T-cell therapy.[143]

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