Summary
Definition
History and exam
Other diagnostic factors
- hesitancy
- nocturia
- enlarged prostate
- tender prostate
- rectal/perineal pain
- fever/rigors
- urethral discharge
Risk factors
- benign prostatic hypertrophy
- urinary tract stones
- urologic surgery, instrumentation
- urethral strictures
- age >50
- previous UTI
- catheterization
- anal sex
- vaginal sex
- recent hospitalization
- uncircumcised
Diagnostic tests
Tests to consider
- CT renal tract
- ultrasound
- plain x-ray kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB)
- intravenous urogram (IVU)
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors
Timothy J. Benton, MD
Regional Chairman
Residency Program Director
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
Permian Basin Campus
Odessa
TX
Disclosures
TJB declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Catherine DuBeau, MD
Professor of Medicine
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center
Lebanon
NH
Disclosures
CD is a member of the American Geriatrics Society Revision Panel for the Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medications in older persons; planning committee, speaker, and manuscript co-author for the American Urogynecological Association State of the Science on OAB and cognition; and co-investigator, RELIEF trial (botulinum toxin for refractory overactive bladder in older women, funded by PCORI.
Richard Viken, MD
Professor of Family Medicine and Chairman of the Department of Family Medicine
University of Texas Health Sciences Center
Tyler
TX
Disclosures
RV declares that he has no competing interests.
Robert Pickard, MD, FRCS (Urol)
Professor of Urology
Institute of Cellular Medicine
Newcastle University
Newcastle upon Tyne
UK
Disclosures
RP declares that he has no competing interests.
References
Key articles
Nicolle LE, Gupta K, Bradley SF, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: 2019 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 May 2;68(10):e83-e110.Full text Abstract
Kranz J, Bartoletti R, Bruyère F, et al. European Association of urology guidelines on urological infections: summary of the 2024 guidelines. Eur Urol. 2024 Jul;86(1):27-41.Full text Abstract
European Association of Urology. Guidelines on urological infections. Apr 2024 [internet publication].Full text
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available here.
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