Screening

Your Organizational Guidance

ebpracticenet urges you to prioritize the following organizational guidance:

Diagnose, behandeling, opvolging en doorverwijzing van infecties met Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in de eerste lijnPublished by: Werkgroep Ontwikkeling Richtlijnen Eerste Lijn (Worel)Last published: 2025Diagnostic, traitement, suivi et renvoi des infections à Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) en soins primairesPublished by: Groupe de Travail Développement de recommmandations de première ligneLast published: 2025

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for chlamydial infection for men.[30]

However, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends urogenital screening for chlamydia in men who have sex with men at high risk:

  • Sexually active young men in adolescent service clinics, correctional facilities and STI clinics

  • Men who have sex with men at risk of STIs as part of HIV Pre Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) care and those with HIV.[5][31]

The USPSTF and American Academy of Family Physicians recommend annual urogenital screening of:[30][32]

  • Sexually active women, including pregnant women at their first prenatal visit, 24 years and younger

  • Women 25 years or older who are at increased risk of infection (i.e., those who have a new or multiple sex partners or a sex partner who has an STI).

The USPSTF recommends repeat urogenital screening of pregnant women in their third trimester if infection risk remains high.[30]

The CDC advises that rectal chlamydia testing be considered through shared decision-making between women and their providers on the basis of sexual behavior and exposure.[5] The World Health Organization recommends self-collection of samples should be made available as an additional approach to deliver STI testing services.[33]

The National Chlamydia Screening Programme in the UK aims to offer opportunistic screening to all sexually active young people under the age of 25 years as part of every general practice or sexual health consultation.[34] However, the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) does not recommend urogenital screening for chlamydia as part of routine prenatal care.[35]

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