If an allergic reaction to a substance is suspected, with difficulties breathing or raised splotches on the skin, patients are advised to contact emergency services immediately.
Refer the patient to an allergy/immunology specialist, who can play a uniquely important role in preparing the patient for self-treatment in the community, confirmation of the trigger of an anaphylactic episode, education regarding allergen avoidance, and immune modulation.[53]Cardona V, Ansotegui IJ, Ebisawa M, et al. World Allergy Organization anaphylaxis guidance 2020. World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Oct 30;13(10):100472.
https://www.worldallergyorganizationjournal.org/article/S1939-4551(20)30375-6/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33204386?tool=bestpractice.com
Identification of the causative allergen must be attempted, and patients advised to avoid this material and to carry two epinephrine (adrenaline) auto-injectors to prevent dangerous outcomes after exposure.[90]Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Guidance on adrenaline auto-injectors (AAIs). Jun 2023 [internet publication].
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/adrenaline-auto-injectors-aais-safety-campaign/adrenaline-auto-injectors-aais
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends providing a written emergency plan for children at risk of anaphylaxis.[83]Sicherer SH, Simons FE. Epinephrine for first-aid management of anaphylaxis. Pediatrics. 2017 Mar;139(3):e20164006.
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/3/e20164006.long
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28193791?tool=bestpractice.com
[91]Wang J, Sicherer SH. Guidance on completing a written allergy and anaphylaxis emergency plan. Pediatrics. 2017 Mar;139(3):e20164005.
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/3/e20164005.long
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28193793?tool=bestpractice.com
American Academy of Pediatrics: allergy and anaphylaxis emergency plan
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