Emerging treatments
Corticosteroids
The use of corticosteroids for the treatment of cerebral oedema in patients with neurological symptoms has been associated with better outcomes, but more evidence is needed.[46][51][58]
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
IVIG has been used for the treatment of eastern equine encephalitis in case reports. IVIG supports antibody neutralisation of virus particles and immunoglobulin (Ig) G suppression of the immune system. However, its use requires careful evaluation of the risk-to-benefit ratio as evidence remains limited due to small sample sizes.[51][58][59][60]
Vaccines
There are currently no vaccines available for the prevention of eastern equine encephalitis virus infection. However, there are ongoing clinical trials of an investigational trivalent virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine against western, eastern, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses.[61]
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