Intra-abdominal abscess

Intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) is an intra-abdominal collection of pus or infected material, usually due to a localised infection inside the peritoneal cavity. It can involve any intra-abdominal organ or be located in between bowel loops, or be free within the peritoneal cavity itself.

Commonly presents with abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis.

Usually secondary to inoculation, commonly from complicated intra-abdominal infection (i.e., bowel perforation, anastomotic leak, trauma).

Computed tomography scan of the abdomen is the preferred imaging modality for non-pregnant adults and adolescents. While abdominal ultrasound may be useful as an initial diagnostic evaluation in children, either ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging can be considered as the initial diagnostic imaging modality for pregnant women.

Treatment involves adequate source control (abscess drainage, whether percutaneous or surgical) as well as early appropriate and effective antimicrobial therapy.

If untreated, IAA may lead to clinical deterioration including sepsis or septic shock.

Intra-abdominal abscess (IAA), also known as intraperitoneal abscess, is an intra-abdominal collection of pus or infected material and is usually due to a localised infection inside the peritoneal cavity. It can involve any intra-abdominal organ or can be located freely within the abdominal or pelvic cavities, including in between bowel loops. IAA is almost always secondary to a pre-existing disease process, or concomitant intra-abdominal process.[1]Kumar RR, Kim JT, Haukoos JS, et al. Factors affecting the successful management of intra-abdominal abscesses with antibiotics and the need for percutaneous drainage. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006 Feb;49(2):183-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322960?tool=bestpractice.com It can be caused by one or multiple bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infectious agents.