Thoracic outlet syndrome

Illig KA, Donahue D, Duncan A, et al. Reporting standards of the Society for Vascular Surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2016 Sep;64(3):e23-35.Full text  Abstract

Vemuri C, McLaughlin LN, Abuirqeba AA, et al. Clinical presentation and management of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2017 May;65(5):1429-39.Full text  Abstract

Vemuri C, Salehi P, Benarroch-Gampel J, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of effort-induced thrombosis of the axillary subclavian vein due to venous thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2016 Oct;4(4):485-500.Full text  Abstract

George EL, Arya S, Rothenberg KA, et al. Contemporary practices and complications of surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome in the United States. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021 Apr;72:147-58. Abstract

Peek J, Vos CG, Ünlü Ç, et al. Outcome of surgical treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Vasc Surg. 2017 Apr;40:303-26. Abstract

1. Illig KA, Donahue D, Duncan A, et al. Reporting standards of the Society for Vascular Surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2016 Sep;64(3):e23-35.Full text  Abstract

2. Illig KA, Thompson RW, Freischlag JA, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome. 2nd ed. Switzerland:Springer Nature;2021.

3. Mackinnon SE, Novak CB. Thoracic outlet syndrome. Curr Probl Surg. 2002 Nov;39(11):1070-145. Abstract

4. Dengler NF, Ferraresi S, Rochkind S, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome part I: systematic review of the literature and consensus on anatomy, diagnosis, and classification of thoracic outlet syndrome by the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies' section of peripheral nerve surgery. Neurosurgery. 2022 Jun 1;90(6):653-67. Abstract

5. Wilbourn AJ. Thoracic outlet syndromes. Neurol Clin. 1999;17:477-497. Abstract

6. Ferrante MA. The thoracic outlet syndromes. Muscle Nerve. 2012;45:780-95. Abstract

7. Nichols AW. Diagnosis and management of thoracic outlet syndrome. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2009;8:240-249. Abstract

8. Chang K, Graf E, Davis K, et al. Spectrum of thoracic outlet syndrome presentation in adolescents. Arch Surg. 2011;146:1383-1387.Full text  Abstract

9. Caputo FJ, Wittenberg AM, Vemuri C, et al. Supraclavicular decompression for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome in adolescent and adult populations. J Vasc Surg. 2013;57:149-157. Abstract

10. Maru S, Dosluoglu H, Dryjski M, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome in children and young adults. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2009;38:560-564.Full text  Abstract

11. Stewman C, Vitanzo PC Jr, Harwood MI. Neurologic thoracic outlet syndrome: summarizing a complex history and evolution. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2014;13:100-106. Abstract

12. Vanti C, Natalini L, Romeo A, et al. Conservative treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome: a review of the literature. Eura Medicophys. 2007;43:55-70. Abstract

13. Illig KA, Doyle AJ. A comprehensive review of Paget-Schroetter syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2010;51:1538-47.Full text  Abstract

14. Farrar TA, Rankin G, Chatfield M. Venous thoracic outlet syndrome: approach to diagnosis and treatment with focus on affected athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2014;13:81-5. Abstract

15. McCleery RS, Kesterson JE, Kirtley JA, et al. Subclavius and anterior scalene muscle compression as a cause of intermittent obstruction of the subclavian vein. Ann Surg. 1951 May;133(5):588-602. Abstract

16. Likes K, Rochlin DH, Call D, et al. McCleery syndrome: etiology and outcome. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2014 Feb;48(2):106-10. Abstract

17. Gulpen AJW, Teijink JAW. Pectoralis minor muscle causes venous thoracic outlet syndrome: visualised using venography. Lancet. 2022 Jan 8;399(10320):e1. Abstract

18. Vemuri C, McLaughlin LN, Abuirqeba AA, et al. Clinical presentation and management of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2017 May;65(5):1429-39.Full text  Abstract

19. Daniels B, Michaud L, Sease F Jr, et al. Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2014;13:75-80. Abstract

20. Durham JR, Yao JS, Pearce WH, et al. Arterial injuries in the thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 1995;21:57-70.Full text  Abstract

21. Abdollahi K, Wood VE. Thoracic outlet syndrome. In: DeLee J, Drez D, Miller MD, eds. DeLee and Drez’s orthopaedic sports medicine: principles and practice. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2010:1128-1137.

22. Roos DB. Congenital anomalies associated with thoracic outlet syndrome: anatomy, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Am J Surg. 1976;132:771-778. Abstract

23. Meumann EM, Chuen J, Fitt G, et al. Thromboembolic stroke associated with thoracic outlet syndrome. J Clin Neurosci. 2014 May;21(5):886-9. Abstract

24. Celier A, Chabay S, Maurizot A, et al. Posterior cerebral artery stroke by reverse flow embolism in thoracic outlet syndrome - a case report. BMC Neurol. 2020 Jun 4;20(1):229.Full text  Abstract

25. Schleifer L, Vogel S, Arun A, et al. Stroke caused by arterial thoracic outlet syndrome in an adolescent. Child Neurol Open. 2022 Jan-Dec;9:2329048X221105743.Full text  Abstract

26. Rohrer MJ, Cardullo PA, Pappas AM, et al. Axillary artery compression and thrombosis in throwing athletes. J Vasc Surg. 1990 Jun;11(6):761-8.Full text  Abstract

27. Duwayri YM, Emery VB, Driskill MR, et al. Positional compression of the axillary artery causing upper extremity thrombosis and embolism in the elite overhead throwing athlete. J Vasc Surg. 2011 May;53(5):1329-40.Full text  Abstract

28. Rollo J, Rigberg D, Gelabert H. Vascular quadrilateral space syndrome in 3 overhead throwing athletes: an underdiagnosed cause of digital ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2017 Jul;42:63.e1-63.e6. Abstract

29. van de Pol D, Kuijer PPFM, Terpstra A, et al. Posterior circumflex humeral artery pathology and digital ischemia in elite volleyball: symptoms, risk factors & suggestions for clinical management. J Sci Med Sport. 2018 Oct;21(10):1032-7. Abstract

30. Gilliatt RW, Le Quesne PM, Logue V, et al. Wasting of the hand associated with a cervical rib or band. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1970 Oct;33(5):615-24. Abstract

31. Goeteyn J, Pesser N, van Sambeek MRHM, et al. Thoracic outlet decompression surgery for Gilliatt-Sumner hand as a presentation of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2022 Jun;75(6):1985-92.Full text  Abstract

32. Povlsen B, Hansson T, Povlsen SD. Treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Nov 26;2014(11):CD007218.Full text  Abstract

33. Jones MR, Prabhakar A, Viswanath O, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Pain Ther. 2019 Jun;8(1):5-18.Full text  Abstract

34. Pascarelli EF, Hsu YP. Understanding work-related upper extremity disorders: clinical findings in 485 computer users, musicians, and others. J Occup Rehabil. 2001 Mar;11(1):1-21. Abstract

35. Rosa V, Chaar CIO, Espitia O, et al. A RIETE registry analysis of patients with upper extremity deep vein thrombosis and thoracic outlet syndrome. Thromb Res. 2022 May;213:65-70. Abstract

36. Illig KA, Rodriguez-Zoppi E, Bland T, et al. The incidence of thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021 Jan;70:263-72. Abstract

37. Illig KA, Rodriguez-Zoppi E. How common is thoracic outlet syndrome? Thorac Surg Clin. 2021 Feb;31(1):11-7. Abstract

38. Brewin J, Hill M, Ellis H. The prevalence of cervical ribs in a London population. Clin Anat. 2009 Apr;22(3):331-6. Abstract

39. Sanders RJ, Hammond SL. Management of cervical ribs and anomalous first ribs causing neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2002 Jul;36(1):51-6.Full text  Abstract

40. Chang KZ, Likes K, Davis K, et al. The significance of cervical ribs in thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2013 Mar;57(3):771-5.Full text  Abstract

41. Weber AE, Criado E. Relevance of bone anomalies in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 2014 May;28(4):924-32. Abstract

42. Gelabert HA, Rigberg DA, O'Connell JB, et al. Transaxillary decompression of thoracic outlet syndrome patients presenting with cervical ribs. J Vasc Surg. 2018 Oct;68(4):1143-9.Full text  Abstract

43. Demondion X, Herbinet P, Van Sint Jan S, et al. Imaging assessment of thoracic outlet syndrome. Radiographics. 2006;26:1735-50. Abstract

44. Barton NJ, Hooper G, Noble J, et al. Occupational causes of disorders in the upper limb. BMJ. 1992;304:309-311.Full text  Abstract

45. Hagberg M, Wegman DH. Prevalence rates and odds ratios of shoulder-neck diseases in different occupational groups. Br J Ind Med. 1987 Sep;44(9):602-10. Abstract

46. Laulan J, Fouquet B, Rodaix C, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome: definition, aetiological factors, diagnosis, management and occupational impact. J Occup Rehabil. 2011 Sep;21(3):366-73. Abstract

47. Demaree CJ, Wang K, Lin PH. Thoracic outlet syndrome affecting high-performance musicians playing bowed string instruments. Vascular. 2017 Jun;25(3):329-2. Abstract

48. Abraham P, Lecoq S, Mechenin M, et al. Role of lifestyle in thoracic outlet syndrome: a narrative review. J Clin Med. 2024 Jan 11;13(2):417.Full text  Abstract

49. Logiou C, Demondion X, Tiffreau V, et al. Evaluation of the socioprofessional consequences of thoracic outlet syndrome. BMC Res Notes. 2023 Sep 11;16(1):207.Full text  Abstract

50. Sanders RJ, Rao NM. The forgotten pectoralis minor syndrome: 100 operations for pectoralis minor syndrome alone or accompanied by neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 2010;24:701-708. Abstract

51. Vemuri C, Wittenberg AM, Caputo FJ, et al. Early effectiveness of isolated pectoralis minor tenotomy in selected patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2013;57:1345-1352. Abstract

52. Illig KA, Gober L. Optimal management of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis: Is venous thoracic outlet syndrome underrecognized? J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2022 Mar;10(2):514-26. Abstract

53. Laker S, Sullivan WJ, Whitehill TA. Thoracic outlet syndrome. In: Akuthota V, Herring S, eds. Nerve and vascular injuries in sports medicine. New York, NY: Springer; 2009:113-126.

54. Archie MM, Gelabert HA. Endovascular reconstruction of subclavian artery aneurysms in patients with arterial thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 2019 May;57:10-5. Abstract

55. Pantoja JL, Rigberg DA, Gelabert HA. The evolving role of endovascular therapy in the management of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2022 Mar;75(3):968-75.e1.Full text  Abstract

56. de Kleijn RJCMF, Schropp L, Westerink J, et al. Functional outcome of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome treatment. Front Surg. 2022;9:1072536.Full text  Abstract

57. Juvonen T, Satta J, Laitala P, et al. Anomalies at the thoracic outlet are frequent in the general population. Am J Surg. 1995;170:33-37. Abstract

58. Roos DB. Pathophysiology of congenital anomalies in thoracic outlet syndrome. Acta Chir Belg. 1980 Sep-Oct;79(5):353-61. Abstract

59. Makhoul RG, Machleder HI. Developmental anomalies at the thoracic outlet: an analysis of 200 consecutive cases. J Vasc Surg. 1992 Oct;16(4):534-42; discussion 542-5.Full text  Abstract

60. Harry WG, Bennett JD, Guha SC. Scalene muscles and the brachial plexus: anatomical variations and their clinical significance. Clin Anat. 1997;10(4):250-2. Abstract

61. Connolly MR, Auchincloss HG. Anatomy and embryology of the thoracic outlet. Thorac Surg Clin. 2021 Feb;31(1):1-10. Abstract

62. Sanders RJ, Annest SJ. Anatomy of the thoracic outlet and related structures. In: Illig KA, Thompson RW, Freischlag JA, et al., eds. Thoracic outlet syndrome. 2nd ed. Switzerland: Springer Nature;2021:37-44.

63. Sanders RJ, Hammond SL, Rao NM. Thoracic outlet syndrome: a review. Neurologist. 2008;14:365-373. Abstract

64. Sanders RJ, Hammond SL, Rao NM. Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2007;46:601-604.Full text  Abstract

65. Dubuisson A, Lamotte C, Foidart-Dessalle M, et al. Post-traumatic thoracic outlet syndrome. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2012;154:517-526. Abstract

66. Connolly JF, Dehne R. Nonunion of the clavicle and thoracic outlet syndrome. J Trauma. 1989 Aug;29(8):1127-32. Abstract

67. Gadinsky NE, Smolev ET, Ricci MJ, et al. Two cases of brachial plexus compression secondary to displaced clavicle fractures. Trauma Case Rep. 2019 Oct;23:100219.Full text  Abstract

68. Fogel N, Lee JT, Bishop JA. Late venous thoracic outlet syndrome after anatomic fixation of a diaphyseal clavicle fracture: a case report. JBJS Case Connect. 2021 Mar 10;11(1):e20.00243. Abstract

69. Urschel HC Jr. Anatomy of the thoracic outlet. In: Ferguson MK, Deslauriers J, eds. Thoracic surgery clinics, vol 17, no 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2007:511-520.

70. Dahlstrom KA, Olinger AB. Descriptive anatomy of the interscalene triangle and the costoclavicular space and their relationship to thoracic outlet syndrome: a study of 60 cadavers. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2012;35:396-401. Abstract

71. Roos DB. Historical perspectives and anatomic considerations. Thoracic outlet syndrome. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996 Apr;8(2):183-9. Abstract

72. Atasoy E. Thoracic outlet syndrome: anatomy. Hand Clin. 2004 Feb;20(1):7-14, v. Abstract

73. Klaassen Z, Sorenson E, Tubbs RS, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome: a neurological and vascular disorder. Clin Anat. 2014 Jul;27(5):724-32. Abstract

74. Asghar A, Narayan RK, Satyam A, et al. Prevalence of anomalous or ectopic insertion of pectoralis minor: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 4146 shoulders. Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 May;43(5):631-43. Abstract

75. Clarys JP, Barbaix E, Van Rompaey H, et al. The muscular arch of the axilla revisited: its possible role in the thoracic outlet and shoulder instability syndromes. Man Ther. 1996 Jun;1(3):133-9. Abstract

76. Machleder HI, Moll F, Verity MA. The anterior scalene muscle in thoracic outlet compression syndrome. Histochemical and morphometric studies. Arch Surg. 1986 Oct;121(10):1141-4. Abstract

77. Sanders RJ, Jackson CG, Banchero N, et al. Scalene muscle abnormalities in traumatic thoracic outlet syndrome. Am J Surg. 1990;159:231-236. Abstract

78. Thompson RW. Comprehensive management of subclavian vein effort thrombosis. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2012 Mar;29(1):44-51. Abstract

79. Sheng GG, Duwayri YM, Emery VB, et al. Costochondral calcification, osteophytic degeneration, and occult first rib fractures in patients with venous thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2012 May;55(5):1363-9.Full text  Abstract

80. Glass C, Dugan M, Gillespie D, et al. Costoclavicular venous decompression in patients with threatened arteriovenous hemodialysis access. Ann Vasc Surg. 2011 Jul;25(5):640-5. Abstract

81. Illig KA. Management of central vein stenoses and occlusions: the critical importance of the costoclavicular junction. Semin Vasc Surg. 2011 Jun;24(2):113-8. Abstract

82. Illig KA, Gabbard W, Calero A, et al. Aggressive costoclavicular junction decompression in patients with threatened AV access. Ann Vasc Surg. 2015;29(4):698-703. Abstract

83. Auyang PL, Chauhan Y, Loh TM, et al. Medial claviculectomy for the treatment of recalcitrant central venous stenosis of hemodialysis patients. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2019 May;7(3):420-7.Full text  Abstract

84. Lim S, Alarhayem AQ, Rowse JW, et al. Thoracic outlet decompression for subclavian venous stenosis after ipsilateral hemodialysis access creation. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2021 Nov;9(6):1473-8. Abstract

85. Uceda PV, Feldtman RW, Ahn SS. Long-term results and patient survival after first rib resection and endovascular treatment in hemodialysis patients with subclavian vein stenosis at the thoracic outlet. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2022 Jan;10(1):118-24. Abstract

86. Davies MG, Hart JP. Venous thoracic outlet syndrome and hemodialysis. Front Surg. 2023;10:1149644.Full text  Abstract

87. Lee TS, Hines GL. Cerebral embolic stroke and arm ischemia in a teenager with arterial thoracic outlet syndrome: a case report. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2007;41:254-257. Abstract

88. Urschel HC Jr, Razzuk MA, Hyland JW, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome masquerading as coronary artery disease (pseudoangina). Ann Thorac Surg. 1973;16:239-248. Abstract

89. Fitzgerald G. Thoracic outlet syndrome of pectoralis minor etiology mimicking cardiac symptoms on activity: a case report. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2012 Dec;56(4):311-5.Full text  Abstract

90. Cheng MJ, Chun TT, Gelabert HA, et al. Surgical decompression among Paget-Schroetter patients with subacute and chronic venous occlusion. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2022 Nov;10(6):1245-50. Abstract

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92. Wood VE, Biondi J. Double-crush nerve compression in thoracic-outlet syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990 Jan;72(1):85-7. Abstract

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94. Kong G, Brutus JP, Vo TT, et al. The prevalence of double- and multiple crush syndromes in patients surgically treated for peripheral nerve compression in the upper limb. Hand Surg Rehabil. 2023 Dec;42(6):475-81. Abstract

95. Thompson RW. Diagnosis of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: 2016 consensus guidelines and other strategies. In: Illig KA, Thompson RW, Freischlag JA, et al., eds. Thoracic outlet syndrome. 2nd ed. Switzerland: Springer Nature;2021:67-97.

96. Goeteyn J, Pesser N, van Sambeek MRHM, et al. Duplex ultrasound studies are neither necessary or sufficient for the diagnosis of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 2022 Apr;81:232-9. Abstract

97. Warrens AN, Heaton JM. Thoracic outlet compression syndrome: the lack of reliability of its clinical assessment. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1987 Sep;69(5):203-4. Abstract

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100. Nord KM, Kapoor P, Fisher J, et al. False positive rate of thoracic outlet syndrome diagnostic maneuvers. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 2008 Mar;48(2):67-74. Abstract

101. Chen H, Doornbos N, Williams K, et al. Physiologic variations in venous and arterial hemodynamics in response to postural changes at the thoracic outlet in normal volunteers. Ann Vasc Surg. 2014 Oct;28(7):1583-8. Abstract

102. Hixson KM, Horris HB, McLeod TCV, et al. The diagnostic accuracy of clinical diagnostic tests for thoracic outlet syndrome. J Sport Rehabil. 2017 Sep;26(5):459-65. Abstract

103. Pesser N, de Bruijn BI, Goeteyn J, et al. Reliability and validity of the elevated arm stress test in the diagnosis of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2022 Sep;76(3):814-20.Full text  Abstract

104. Pesser N, de Bruijn BI, Goeteyn J, et al. Reliability and validity of the standardized elevated arm stress test in the diagnosis of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2022 Sep;76(3):821-829.e1.Full text  Abstract

105. Raptis CA, Sridhar S, Thompson RW, et al. Imaging of the patient with thoracic outlet syndrome. Radiographics. 2016 Jul-Aug;36(4):984-1000. Abstract

106. Teijink SBJ, Pesser N, Goeteyn J, et al. General overview and diagnostic (imaging) techniques for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 May 4;13(9):1625.Full text  Abstract

107. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: Thoracic outlet syndrome​. 2019 [internet publication].Full text

108. Demirbag D, Unlu E, Ozdemir F, et al. The relationship between magnetic resonance imaging findings and postural maneuver and physical examination tests in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome: results of a double-blind, controlled study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88:844-51. Abstract

109. Szaro P, Suresh R, Molokwu B, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of suspected neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome-a systematic scoping review. Front Physiol. 2023;14:1198165.Full text  Abstract

110. Baumer P, Kele H, Kretschmer T, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome in 3T MR neurography-fibrous bands causing discernible lesions of the lower brachial plexus. Eur Radiol. 2014 Mar;24(3):756-61. Abstract

111. Brownie ER, Abuirqeba AA, Ohman JW, et al. False-negative upper extremity ultrasound in the initial evaluation of patients with suspected subclavian vein thrombosis due to thoracic outlet syndrome (Paget-Schroetter syndrome). J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020 Jan;8(1):118-26.Full text  Abstract

112. Vemuri C, Salehi P, Benarroch-Gampel J, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of effort-induced thrombosis of the axillary subclavian vein due to venous thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2016 Oct;4(4):485-500.Full text  Abstract

113. Machanic BI, Sanders RJ. Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve measurements to diagnose neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 2008;22:248-254. Abstract

114. Likes KC, Orlando MS, Salditch Q, et al. Lessons learned in the surgical treatment of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome over 10 years. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2015 Jan-Feb;49(1-2):8-11. Abstract

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116. Jordan SE, Ahn SS, Gelabert HA. Differentiation of thoracic outlet syndrome from treatment-resistant cervical brachial pain syndromes: development and utilization of a questionnaire, clinical examination and ultrasound evaluation. Pain Physician. 2007 May;10(3):441-52. Abstract

117. Lum YW, Brooke BS, Likes K, et al. Impact of anterior scalene lidocaine blocks on predicting surgical success in older patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2012 May;55(5):1370-5.Full text  Abstract

118. Bottros MM, AuBuchon JD, McLaughlin LN, et al. Exercise-enhanced, ultrasound-guided anterior scalene muscle/pectoralis minor muscle blocks can facilitate the diagnosis of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome in the high-performance overhead athlete. Am J Sports Med. 2017 Jan;45(1):189-94. Abstract

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121. Balderman J, Holzem K, Field BJ, et al. Associations between clinical diagnostic criteria and pretreatment patient-reported outcomes measures in a prospective observational cohort of patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2017 Aug;66(2):533-44.e2.Full text  Abstract

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125. Rochlin DH, Gilson MM, Likes KC, et al. Quality-of-life scores in neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome patients undergoing first rib resection and scalenectomy. J Vasc Surg. 2013 Feb;57(2):436-43.Full text  Abstract

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135. Balderman J, Abuirqeba AA, Eichaker L, et al. Physical therapy management, surgical treatment, and patient-reported outcomes measures in a prospective observational cohort of patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2019 Sep;70(3):832-41.Full text  Abstract

136. Pesser N, Goeteyn J, van der Sanden L, et al. Feasibility and outcomes of a multidisciplinary care pathway for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: a prospective observational cohort study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2021 Jun;61(6):1017-24.Full text  Abstract

137. Ochuba AJ, Mallela DP, Feghali J, et al. Development and validation of a prediction model for outcomes after transaxillary first rib resection for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome following strict Society for Vascular Surgery diagnostic criteria. J Vasc Surg. 2023 Feb;77(2):606-15.Full text  Abstract

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139. Rochkind S, Ferraresi S, Denisova N, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome part II: consensus on the management of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome by the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies' Section of peripheral nerve surgery. Neurosurgery. 2023 Feb 1;92(2):251-7. Abstract

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