Blepharitis

Blepharitis is a significant cause of ocular discomfort, causing foreign body sensation, burning, itching, and crusting around eyelashes.

Typical findings include lid erythema, collarettes around eyelashes, and capped meibomian glands. Severe disease is associated with corneal changes (e.g., neovascularisation, scarring, ulceration, and perforation) that can lead to visual impairment.

Bacteria, Demodex mites, and meibomian gland dysfunction are important causes of blepharitis.

Treatment is directed at maintaining eyelid hygiene and may require the use of topical corticosteroids, topical or oral antibiotics, and topical antiparasitics.

Treatment of associated or underlying medical conditions is essential for the successful management of blepharitis.

Blepharitis refers to a group of disorders characterised by inflammation of the eyelids and associated adnexal structures including skin, lashes, and meibomian glands. It typically occurs bilaterally. Disease is usually chronic with intermittent exacerbations.