Moist, gentle cleaning following a bowel movement is advised to minimise anal irritation.
Advise patients to avoid excessive straining at stool and to avoid sitting on the toilet for long periods of time.[1]Wald A, Bharucha AE, Limketkai B, et al. ACG clinical guidelines: management of benign anorectal disorders. Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Oct 1;116(10):1987-2008.
https://journals.lww.com/ajg/Fulltext/2021/10000/ACG_Clinical_Guidelines__Management_of_Benign.13.aspx
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34618700?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Hawkins AT, Davis BR, Bhama AR, et al. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons clinical practice guidelines for the management of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum. 2024 May 1;67(5):614-23.
https://journals.lww.com/dcrjournal/fulltext/2024/05000/the_american_society_of_colon_and_rectal_surgeons.5.aspx
[14]van Tol RR, Kleijnen J, Watson AJM, et al. European Society of Coloproctology: guideline for haemorrhoidal disease. Colorectal Dis. 2020 Jun;22(6):650-62.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32067353?tool=bestpractice.com
Constipation can be a causative factor in haemorrhoid formation and can be avoided by adding fibre and fluids to the diet; consuming 25-30 g of fibre daily is recommended, either with high-fibre foods or with commercial fibre supplements.[1]Wald A, Bharucha AE, Limketkai B, et al. ACG clinical guidelines: management of benign anorectal disorders. Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Oct 1;116(10):1987-2008.
https://journals.lww.com/ajg/Fulltext/2021/10000/ACG_Clinical_Guidelines__Management_of_Benign.13.aspx
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34618700?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Moesgaard F, Nielsen ML, Hansen JB, et al. High fiber diet reducing bleeding and pain in patients with hemorrhoids: a double-blind trial of Vi-Siblin. Dis Colon Rectum. 1982 Jul-Aug;25(5):454-6.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6284457?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Hawkins AT, Davis BR, Bhama AR, et al. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons clinical practice guidelines for the management of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum. 2024 May 1;67(5):614-23.
https://journals.lww.com/dcrjournal/fulltext/2024/05000/the_american_society_of_colon_and_rectal_surgeons.5.aspx
[14]van Tol RR, Kleijnen J, Watson AJM, et al. European Society of Coloproctology: guideline for haemorrhoidal disease. Colorectal Dis. 2020 Jun;22(6):650-62.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32067353?tool=bestpractice.com
Following rubber band ligation, advise patients to manage pain with simple analgesics (such as paracetamol), to avoid constipation (low-dose laxatives or stool softeners are often prescribed), to take a high fibre diet, and to keep themselves hydrated.
For the management of pain following surgical haemorrhoidectomy, advise patients to use regular simple analgesics, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, and to use stool softeners daily to avoid constipation. Chemical sphincter relaxants (e.g., glyceryl trinitrate) applied to the anus confer some benefit. Metronidazole may also be prescribed.[37]Lyons NJR, Cornille JB, Pathak S, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the role of metronidazole in post-haemorrhoidectomy pain relief. Colorectal Dis. 2017 Sep;19(9):803-11.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28589634?tool=bestpractice.com
NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries: haemorrhoids
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