Evidence
This page contains a snapshot of featured content which highlights evidence addressing key clinical questions including areas of uncertainty. Please see the main topic reference list for details of all sources underpinning this topic.
Cochrane Clinical Answers

Cochrane Clinical Answers (CCAs) provide a readable, digestible, clinically focused entry point to rigorous research from Cochrane systematic reviews. They are designed to be actionable and to inform decision making at the point of care and have been added to relevant sections of the main Best Practice text.
- In pregnant women, does antenatal pelvic floor muscle training help to prevent urinary incontinence
- Can pelvic floor muscle training improve signs and symptoms of urinary incontinence in women?
- What are the effects of conservative interventions in women with all types of urinary incontinence (UI)?
- Can combining pelvic floor muscle training with other treatments help women with urinary incontinence?
- How does needle suspension compare with open abdominal retropubic suspension for treatment of women with incontinence?
- How do mid-urethral sling operations compare with each other for the treatment of urinary stress incontinence in women?
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