Primary prevention

Basic strategies such as wearing a helmet can help minimise the likelihood of major fractures and safeguard against sub-mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) blows, but they do not prevent mild TBIs.[33] Monitoring in-game fatigue in sports is a practical means of decreasing the chances for a mild TBI, but it cannot prevent an injury from happening.[34][35]​​​​ Measures that may be helpful in preventing sport-related concussion in children and adolescents include improving education and awareness of concussion, neck strengthening programmes, and rule changes with proper enforcement of these rules.​[3][32][36]​​[37]​​​​​​​​ Studies of recreational activities such as snowboarding, skiing, all terrain vehicle riding, and bicycling have also demonstrated a significant risk reduction in head trauma with helmet use.[38][39][40][41]​​​ Studies on helmet use in riders of bicycles, all-terrain vehicles, and motorcycles have consistently demonstrated a significant reduction in death and head injury.​​​[42]

Secondary prevention

Refer people with a head injury to investigate its causes and manage contributing factors, if appropriate. This could include, for example, referral for a falls assessment or to safeguarding services.[43]

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