Differentials

Obesity

SIGNS / SYMPTOMS
INVESTIGATIONS
SIGNS / SYMPTOMS

Usually lack facial plethora, unexplained bruising, proximal muscle weakness, violaceous striae, supraclavicular fullness, and osteoporotic fractures.[19]

INVESTIGATIONS

Normal late-night salivary cortisol, dexamethasone suppression testing, or 24-hour urinary free cortisol.

Metabolic syndrome

SIGNS / SYMPTOMS
INVESTIGATIONS
SIGNS / SYMPTOMS

Usually lack facial plethora, unexplained bruising, proximal muscle weakness, violaceous striae, supraclavicular fullness, and osteoporotic fractures.[19]

INVESTIGATIONS

Normal late-night salivary cortisol, dexamethasone suppression testing, or 24-hour urinary free cortisol.

Primary aldosteronism

SIGNS / SYMPTOMS
INVESTIGATIONS
SIGNS / SYMPTOMS

May be considered in patients with hypertension and hypokalaemia to help distinguish from ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone syndrome.

Patients with primary aldosteronism usually lack facial plethora, unexplained bruising, violaceous striae, supraclavicular fullness, and osteoporotic fractures.[19]

INVESTIGATIONS

Aldosterone/renin ratio is raised. Late-night salivary cortisol or 24-hour urinary free cortisol are normal.

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