Epidemiology

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoO) incidence and prevalence are increasing at a rate that is outpacing increased recognition or detection.[10][11]​​​ EoO is the most common cause of food impactions in patients presenting to the accident and emergency department, and is present in more than half of these cases.[12]​​[13][14]​​ The mean estimate of prevalence throughout Europe and North America since 2017 is 63 per 100,000 people (rising from 15 per 100,000 people before 2007), with a pooled incidence rate of 6.2 per 100,000 people per year (rising from 2.6 per 100,000 before 2007).[15] The condition has been reported throughout the world, and the prevalence in South America, and Australia is similar to that in the US.[10][16][17][18][19]​​​ The prevalence is far lower in Asian countries, where the condition remains rare, but the reason for this difference is unknown.[20][21]

EoO will be seen in 6% to 7% of patients undergoing upper endoscopy for any indication.[22] In patients undergoing upper endoscopy for symptoms of dysphagia, EoO will be seen in 15% to 23% of patients.[23][24]

EoO has been reported in patients of all ages, but is more commonly seen in children and young adults, with the peak prevalence occurring between age 30 and 40 years.[25]​ However, because it is chronic and not fatal, the frequency of the disease will increase in adults. Approximately two-thirds of patients are male, although the reasons for this are unknown.[26][27]​​​​​​ It is more common in white people compared with non-white people, although it has been reported in multiple ethnic and racial populations.[28][29]

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